Mazzini (Abs) 2007, LUSI EBOOK: ABSTRAK DAN SUMBER NASKAH ONLINE

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LUSI EBOOK: ABSTRAK DAN SUMBER NASKAH ONLINE

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volume 261, Issues 3–4, 30 September 2007, Pages 375–388

Triggering and dynamic evolution of the LUSI mud volcano, Indonesia

• A. Mazzini^{a, ,} ,
• H. Svensen^a,
• G.G. Akhmanov^b,
• G. Aloisi^c,
• S. Planke^{a, d},
• A. Malthe-Sørenssen^a,
• B. Istadi^e

• 

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.001

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Abstract

Mud volcanoes are geologically important manifestations of vertical fluid flow and mud eruption in sedimentary basins worldwide.

Their formation is predominantly ascribed to release of overpressure from clay- and organic-rich sediments, leading to impressive build-up of mud mountains in submarine and subaerial settings.

Here we report on a newly born mud volcano appearing close to an active magmatic complex in a backarc sedimentary basin in Indonesia.

The location of the mud volcano close to magmatic volcanoes results in a high background temperature gradient that triggers mineralogical transformations and geochemical reactions at shallow depth.

The eruption of 100 °C mud and gas that started the 29th of May 2006 flooded a large area within the Sidoarjo village in Northeast Java.

Thousands of people have so far been evacuated due to the mud flood hazards from the eruption. Since the initial eruption, the flow rate escalated from 5000 to 120,000 m³/d during the first eleven weeks.

Then the erupted volume started to pulsate between almost zero and 120,000 m³/d  in the period August 14 to September 10, whereas it increased dramatically following swarms of earthquakes in September, before reaching almost 180,000 m³/d in December 2006.

Sampling and observations were completed during two fieldwork campaigns on the site.

The eruption of boiling water is accompanied by mud, aqueous vapour, CO₂ and CH₄. Based on geochemical and field results, we propose a mechanism where the eruptions started following the 27th of May earthquake due to fracturing and accompanied depressurization of > 100 °C pore fluids from > 1700 m depth. This resulted in the formation of a quasi-hydrothermal system with a geyser-like surface expression and with an activity influenced by the regional seismicity.

Keywords

• Java-Indonesia;
• mud volcanism;
• LUSI;
• seismicity;
• quasi-hydrothermal

Article outline

Show full outline

• Abstract
• Keywords
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Methods
• 3. Geological setting and stratigraphy
• 4. Survey data and results
• 5. Discussion
• 6. Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• References

• Figures and tables

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  6. Table 1
  7. Table 2
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